Catharanthus roseus: Periwinkle
Gardening Tips for Vinca
Periwinkle (genus Vinca), particularly the species Vinca minor (common periwinkle) and Catharanthus roseus (formerly Vinca rosea, also called Madagascar periwinkle), has been used in traditional herbal medicine for various purposes. However, it’s important to distinguish between these two, as Catharanthus roseus is more pharmacologically significant.
Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar Periwinkle)
This is the more medicinally valuable species, used in both traditional and modern medicine.
Active Compounds:
Vincristine and Vinblastine: Powerful alkaloids used in chemotherapy to treat leukemia, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and other cancers.
Ajmalicine and serpentine: Alkaloids with hypotensive (blood pressure-lowering) and sedative properties.
Traditional Uses:
Diabetes: Traditionally used in Caribbean and Ayurvedic medicine for managing blood sugar.
High blood pressure: Due to its alkaloid content.
Infections and wounds: Leaves and extracts applied topically for healing.
Menstrual regulation: Used to help with irregular menstrual cycles.
Caution: Catharanthus roseus is toxic in large doses. Self-medication is not recommended due to its potent compounds.
Vinca minor (Common Periwinkle):
More commonly used in Western herbal traditions.
Herbal Benefits:
Cognitive support: Contains vincamine, an alkaloid studied for its ability to improve blood flow to the brain. Sometimes used in Europe for memory loss and age-related cognitive decline.
Astringent properties: Helpful for diarrhea and bleeding when taken internally in controlled doses.
Anti-inflammatory: Mild anti-inflammatory effects sometimes used topically.
Note: Vinca minor also contains alkaloids that can be toxic. It should only be used under the guidance of a qualified herbalist or healthcare provider.
Summary of Benefits:
Species Main Uses Key Compounds
Catharanthus roseus Cancer treatment, diabetes, hypertension, wound healing Vincristine, vinblastine
Vinca minor Cognitive support, anti-inflammatory, astringent Vincamine
